NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed. The ovule contains the egg cell, and after fertilization, it undergoes several changes to become a seed, which will eventually give rise to a new plant.

The fruit is a modification of the ovary. After fertilization, the ovary of the flower develops into a fruit, which encloses the seeds and helps in their dispersal.

The seed coat develops from the outer integument of the ovule. The integuments are layers of cells that surround the ovule and, after fertilization, develop into the protective seed coat.

Pollen grains are produced in the anther, which is a part of the stamen in flowers. The anther contains microsporangia that undergo meiosis to form pollen grains. This is a fundamental concept in botany that is crucial for understanding plant reproduction.

The ovule is attached to the placenta by a structure called the funicle. The funicle acts as a stalk that links the ovule to the placenta, providing support and facilitating nutrient transport. This detail is important for understanding the anatomy of the ovule and its connection within the ovary.

The pollen tube enters the embryo sac through the micropyle. The micropyle is a small opening in the ovule that allows the pollen tube to deliver the sperm cells to the egg cell for fertilization. Knowing this pathway is essential for understanding the process of fertilization in plants.

In flowering plants, the pollen tube that enters the embryo sac typically carries two male gametes (sperm cells). One of these male gametes fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote, while the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the endosperm. This process is known as double fertilization.

Fertilization in flowering plants occurs within the embryo sac. The embryo sac is located within the ovule, which is situated inside the ovary. Double fertilization involves one sperm cell fusing with the egg cell to form a zygote and another sperm cell fusing with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm. Therefore, the correct location for fertilization is the embryo sac.

The formation of a zygote without the act of syngamy (fusion of gametes) is called parthenogenesis. In parthenogenesis, an egg develops into an embryo without fertilization by a male gamete. This phenomenon can occur in some plants, invertebrates, and certain vertebrates.

In angiosperms, the dominant phase of the life cycle is the sporophyte phase. The sporophyte is the diploid multicellular stage that produces spores through meiosis. These spores then develop into the gametophyte generation. The sporophyte phase is the most visible and long-lived phase in the life cycle of angiosperms.