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NEET Practice Questions (MCQs) with Answers & Solutions

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What common biological entities are frequently utilized as vectors to transfer healthy genes in gene therapy?

A. Fungi B. Bacteria C. Viruses D. Plasmids directly

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Explanation

Viruses that attack their hosts and introduce their genetic material into the host cell as part of their replication cycle are used as vectors to transfer healthy genes or more recently portions of genes. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)

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The manipulation of microbes, plants, and animals through biotechnology has primarily raised concerns in which area?

A. Economic implications B. Ethical questions C. Technological feasibility D. Nutritional value

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Explanation

The current interest in the manipulation of microbes, plants, and animals has raised serious ethical questions. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)

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Which of the following is NOT listed as a human disease for which transgenic models exist to aid in understanding and treatment development?

A. Cancer B. Cystic fibrosis C. Diabetes mellitus D. Alzheimerâ€™s

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Explanation

Transgenic models exist for many human diseases such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimerâ€™s. Diabetes mellitus is mentioned in the context of insulin production but not explicitly as a disease with existent transgenic models for understanding its development. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)

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The ability of retroviruses to transform normal cells into cancerous cells has been adapted in biotechnology for what purpose?

A. To develop new vaccines. B. To understand gene regulation in plants. C. To generate knowledge for transforming pathogens into useful vectors for delivering genes. D. To produce recombinant proteins on a large scale.

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Explanation

A better understanding of the art of delivering genes by pathogens in their eukaryotic hosts has generated knowledge to transform these tools of pathogens into useful vectors for delivering genes of interest to humans. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)

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In the context of recombinant DNA technology and gene delivery, what is a 'disarmed pathogen'?

A. pathogen that has been rendered inactive by antibiotics. B. disease-causing organism that has had its virulence genes removed, making it safe to use as a vector. C. bacterial strain used for producing toxins. D. pathogen that has lost its ability to infect hosts.

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Explanation

The text mentions 'disarmed pathogen' vectors, which when allowed to infect the cell, transfer the recombinant DNA into the host. This implies that their disease-causing ability has been removed or 'disarmed' while retaining their gene delivery mechanism. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)

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Which biotechnological technique is explicitly mentioned for directly injecting recombinant DNA into the nucleus of an animal cell?

A. Biolistics B. Heat shock method C. Micro-injection D. Electroporation

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Explanation

In a method known as micro-injection, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)

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Which of the following describes the relationship between the total magnetic field (B), magnetic intensity (H), and magnetisation (M) in a material?

A. $B = \mu_0 (H + M)$ B. $B = H + M$ C. $B = \mu_0 H M$ D. $B = H - M$

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Explanation

According to the provided text, the total magnetic field B is written as $B = \mu_0 (H + M)$. This equation defines the relationship between these three fundamental magnetic quantities.

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The magnetic intensity (H) has the same dimensions as which other magnetic quantity?

A. Magnetic flux ($\Phi_B$) B. Magnetic susceptibility ($\chi$) C. Magnetisation (M) D. Permeability of free space ($\mu_0$)

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Explanation

The text states that 'where H has the same dimensions as M and is measured in units of A m$^{-1}$'. The table also confirms that both M and H have dimensions [L$^{-1}$ A] and units A m$^{-1}$.

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What is the unit of magnetic intensity (H)?

A. Tesla (T) B. Weber (Wb) C. Ampere per meter (A m$^{-1}$) D. Newton per Ampere-meter (N A$^{-1}$ m$^{-1}$)

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Explanation

The text explicitly mentions that 'H has the same dimensions as M and is measured in units of A m$^{-1}$'. The summary table also lists 'A m$^{-1}$' as the unit for Magnetic intensity H.

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Magnetisation (M) is defined as the net magnetic moment per unit:

A. Area B. Length C. Mass D. Volume

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Explanation

The text defines magnetisation M of a sample to be equal to its net magnetic moment per unit volume: $M = m_{net}/V$ (Eq. 5.7).

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