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Pressure is defined as the normal force acting per unit area. What is its SI unit and dimension?
The text states, 'The SI unit of pressure is N m$^{-2}$. It has been named as pascal (Pa)'. Also, its dimensions are '[ML$^{-1}$T$^{-2}$]'.
Which of the following describes an allylic alcohol?
According to the NCERT text, 'Allylic alcohols: In these alcohols, the —OH group is attached to a $sp^3$ hybridised carbon adjacent to the carbon-carbon double bond, that is to an allylic carbon.'
Which of the following compounds is an example of an unsymmetrical ether?
The NCERT states, 'Ethers are classified as simple or symmetrical, if the alkyl or aryl groups attached to the oxygen atom are the same, and mixed or unsymmetrical, if the two groups are different. Diethyl ether, $C_2H_5OC_2H_5$, is a symmetrical ether whereas $C_2H_5OCH_3$ and $C_2H_5OC_6H_5$ are unsymmetrical ethers.' In option o3 ($C_2H_5OCH_3$), the two alkyl groups attached to the oxygen (ethyl and methyl) are different, making it an unsymmetrical ether.
Phenols are classified as mono-, di-, or trihydric based on:
The NCERT states, 'Alcohols and phenols may be classified as mono–, di–, tri- or polyhydric compounds depending on whether they contain one, two, three or many hydroxyl groups respectively in their structures'.
What is the IUPAC name for 'm-Cresol'?
According to the NCERT Table 7.1, the common name 'm-Cresol' corresponds to the IUPAC name '3-Methylphenol'.
How are ethers generally classified according to the NCERT text?
The NCERT Summary states, 'Ethers are classified on the basis of groups attached to the oxygen atom.'
Which of the following statements correctly describes a primary alcohol?
The NCERT text classifies primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols based on whether the -OH group is attached to a primary, secondary, or tertiary carbon atom, respectively. A primary carbon is bonded to one or no other carbon atoms.
The boiling points of alcohols are generally higher than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses due to which factor?
The NCERT states, 'The –OH group in alcohols and phenols is involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonding... It is interesting to note that boiling points of alcohols and phenols are higher in comparison to other classes of compounds, namely hydrocarbons, ethers and haloalkanes of comparable molecular masses.' Intermolecular hydrogen bonding requires more energy to overcome, leading to higher boiling points.
What is the key structural feature that defines a benzylic alcohol?
As per the NCERT text, 'Benzylic alcohols: In these alcohols, the —OH group is attached to a $sp^3$—hybridised carbon atom next to an aromatic ring.'
Which of the following compounds is classified as a vinylic alcohol?
The NCERT defines vinylic alcohols as compounds where the –OH group is bonded to a carbon-carbon double bond, i.e., to a vinylic carbon or to an aryl carbon. The example given is $CH_2 = CH – OH$.
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