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Which of the following properties is true for vector addition?
The summary lists: 'Vector addition is commutative : $\vec{A} + \vec{B} = \vec{B} + \vec{A}$' and 'It also obeys the associative law : $(\vec{A} + \vec{B}) + \vec{C} = \vec{A} + (\vec{B} + \vec{C})$'.
A null or zero vector has:
The summary defines: 'A null or zero vector is a vector with zero magnitude. Since the magnitude is zero, we don’t have to specify its direction.'
The subtraction of vector $\vec{B}$ from vector $\vec{A}$ is defined as:
The summary clearly states: 'The subtraction of vector B from A is defined as the sum of A and – B : $\vec{A} – \vec{B} = \vec{A} + (– \vec{B})$'.
Which of the following statements about uniform circular motion is true?
In 'POINTS TO PONDER', point 4 states: 'The kinematic equations for uniform acceleration do not apply to the case of uniform circular motion since in this case the magnitude of acceleration is constant but its direction is changing.'
The scalar product of two vectors $\vec{A}$ and $\vec{B}$ is given by $\vec{A}\cdot\vec{B} = AB\cos\theta$. Geometrically, $B\cos\theta$ represents the:
The NCERT text explains the scalar product: 'Geometrically, $B\cos\theta$ is the projection of B onto A in Fig.5.1 (b) and $A\cos\theta$ is the projection of A onto B in Fig. 5.1 (c). So, A.B is the product of the magnitude of A and the component of B along A.'
Which of the following factors is NOT considered to disturb the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Five factors known to affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are gene migration (gene flow), genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination, and natural selection. Random mating is a condition for the equilibrium to hold, not a factor that disturbs it.
If the frequency of allele 'A' is 0.7 in a population, what is the frequency of allele 'a' assuming only two alleles are present for that gene?
The sum total of all allelic frequencies is 1. If $p$ represents the frequency of allele A and $q$ represents the frequency of allele a, then $p+q=1$. Given $p=0.7$, then $q = 1 - 0.7 = 0.3$.
A change in allele frequency within a population that is so significant it can lead to the formation of a new species due to a 'founder effect' is primarily a consequence of:
The text states, 'Sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called founder effect.' This directly links the founder effect to genetic drift.
The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes a population that is in 'genetic equilibrium'. What does this imply about the allele frequencies?
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that 'allele frequencies in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation. The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant. This is called genetic equilibrium.'
Which of the following conditions is essential for maintaining Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population?
The five factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are gene migration, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination, and natural selection. For equilibrium to be maintained, these factors must essentially be absent or have a negligible effect. Thus, the absence of natural selection is a key condition.
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The bank mixes NEET previous year questions (PYQs) with practice questions, each tagged with its exam appearances where applicable.