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Hormone receptors are located in the target tissues only and exhibit specificity. What does this specificity imply?
The NCERT text explicitly states: 'Each receptor is specific to one hormone only and hence receptors are specific.' This means a particular hormone will only bind to its specific receptor.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a secondary messenger involved in hormone action?
According to NCERT, 'second messengers (e.g., cyclic AMP, $IP_3$, $Ca^{++}$ etc) which in turn regulate cellular metabolism'. Testosterone is a steroid hormone, which acts as a primary messenger by binding to intracellular receptors, not a secondary messenger.
A hormone-receptor complex formation primarily leads to what in the target tissue?
The NCERT states: 'Hormone-Receptor complex formation leads to certain biochemical changes in the target tissue. Target tissue metabolism and hence physiological functions are regulated by hormones.'
Intracellular receptors are primarily found in which location within the target cell?
The NCERT mentions: 'Hormone receptors present on the cell membrane of the target cells are called membrane-bound receptors and the receptors present inside the target cell are called intracellular receptors, mostly nuclear receptors (present in the nucleus).'
Considering their chemical nature, which category do insulin and glucagon belong to?
Under the section 'On the basis of their chemical nature, hormones can be divided into groups', insulin and glucagon are listed as examples of 'peptide, polypeptide, protein hormones.'
Which of the following is an example of an amino-acid derivative hormone?
The NCERT classifies hormones based on their chemical nature, stating '(iv) amino-acid derivatives (e.g., epinephrine).'
Membrane-bound receptors are typically associated with hormones that...
Membrane-bound receptors are used by hormones that generally cannot enter the cell directly due to their chemical nature (e.g., peptide, polypeptide, protein hormones like insulin, glucagon). The NCERT lists 'peptide, polypeptide, protein hormones (e.g., insulin, glucagon, pituitary hormones, hypothalamic hormones, etc.)' as examples of hormones that would typically use this mechanism.
Which of these statements accurately describes the nature of hormones?
The NCERT defines hormones as 'non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.' The neural system provides rapid but short-lived coordination, not hormones alone.
What is the primary characteristic that differentiates endocrine glands from exocrine glands?
The NCERT states, 'Endocrine glands lack ducts and are hence, called ductless glands. Their secretions are called hormones.' This distinguishes them from exocrine glands which typically have ducts and secrete substances other than hormones.
The comprehensive regulation of physiological functions in the body is achieved by the joint coordination of:
The NCERT clearly states: 'The neural system and the endocrine system jointly coordinate and regulate the physiological functions in the body.'
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The bank mixes NEET previous year questions (PYQs) with practice questions, each tagged with its exam appearances where applicable.