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Hereditary and Variation NEET Questions — Free MCQ Practice

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A key characteristic of incomplete dominance is that the heterozygous genotype results in:

A. The phenotype of the dominant parent. B. The phenotype of the recessive parent. C. phenotype intermediate to both homozygous parents. D. phenotype that is a combination of both parental traits expressing simultaneously.

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Explanation

'When experiments on peas were repeated using other traits in other plants, it was found that sometimes the F1 had a phenotype that did not resemble either of the two parents and was in between the two.' This describes the intermediate phenotype of a heterozygote in incomplete dominance.

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Which of the following is NOT an outcome of incomplete dominance?

A. F1 progeny showing a blend of parental traits. B. Phenotypic and genotypic ratios of F2 generation being the same. C. Absence of a clear dominant or recessive allele in the heterozygote phenotype. D. The F2 phenotypic ratio is always 3:1.

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Explanation

In incomplete dominance, the F2 phenotypic ratio is typically 1:2:1 (e.g., in snapdragon flower color), not 3:1. The genotypic and phenotypic ratios are the same (1:2:1) in the F2 generation for incomplete dominance.

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What is the primary reason that dominance is not considered an autonomous feature of a gene?

A. Genes always have more than two alleles. B. The expression of dominance can depend on which phenotype is being observed. C. All genes show complete dominance. D. Alleles always blend in heterozygous conditions.

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Explanation

The text states: 'Therefore, dominance is not an autonomous feature of a gene or the product that it has information for. It depends as much on the gene product and the production of a particular phenotype from this product as it does on the particular phenotype that we choose to examine, in case more than one phenotype is influenced by the same gene.'

NEET 2023

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Frequency of recombination between gene pairs on same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes to map their position on chromosome, was used for the first time by:

A. Thomas Hunt Morgan B. Sutton and Boveri C. Alfred Sturtevant D. Henking

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Explanation

Sturtevant (Morgan's student) constructed the first genetic linkage map.

NEET 2023

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The phenomenon of pleiotropism refers to:

A. presence of several alleles of a single gene controlling a single crossover. B. presence of two alleles, each of the two genes controlling a single trait. C. a single gene affecting multiple phenotypic expression. D. more than two genes affecting a single character.

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Explanation

Pleiotropy = one gene → multiple phenotypic effects.

NEET 2023

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Which of the following statements are correct about Klinefelter's Syndrome?

A. This disorder was first described by Langdon Down (1866). B. Such an individual has overall masculine development. However, the feminine development is also expressed. C. The affected individual is short statured. D. Physical, psychomotor and mental development is retarded. E. Such individuals are sterile.

A. A and B only B. C and D only C. B and E only D. A and E only

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Explanation

B and E correct. A wrong (Klinefelter described in 1942 by H. Klinefelter; Langdon Down → Down's syndrome). C wrong (Klinefelter individuals are typically tall, not short). D wrong (no severe mental retardation).

NEET 2024

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In a plant, black seed color (BB/Bb) is dominant over white seed color (bb). In order to find out the genotype of the black seed plant, with which of the following genotype will you cross it?

A. BB/Bb B. BB C. bb D. Bb

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Explanation

A test cross is performed with the homozygous recessive parent (bb) to deduce the unknown genotype.

NEET 2024

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A pink flowered Snapdragon plant was crossed with a red flowered Snapdragon plant. What type of phenotype/s is/are expected to occur in the progeny?

A. Red, Pink as well as white flowered plants B. Only red flowered plants C. Red flowered as well as pink flowered plants D. Only pink flowered plants

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Explanation

Incomplete dominance: $Rr \times RR \to \tfrac12 RR$ (red) $+ \tfrac12 Rr$ (pink).

NEET 2024

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Which one of the following can be explained on the basis of Mendel's Law of Dominance?

A. Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and the other is recessive.

B. Alleles do not show any expression and both the characters appear as such in $F_2$ generation.

C. Factors occur in pairs in normal diploid plants.

D. The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called factor.

E. The expression of only one of the parental characters is found in a monohybrid cross.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A, B, C, D and E B. A, B and C only C. A, C, D and E only D. B, C and D only

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Explanation

B describes incomplete dominance/segregation outcome — not the law of dominance. The rest (A, C, D, E) are postulates of the Law of Dominance.

NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II.

List I	List II
A. Two or more alternative forms of a gene	I. Back cross
B. Cross of $F_1$ progeny with homozygous recessive parent	II. Ploidy
C. Cross of $F_1$ progeny with any of the parents	III. Allele
D. Number of chromosome sets in plant	IV. Test cross

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV C. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV D. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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Explanation

Allele, test cross, back cross, ploidy.

Hereditary and Variation MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

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