Morphology of Plants MCQs for NEET — Botany Questions with Answers

In the given plants, the leaves are modified in the following ways: Sweet pea has tendrils which help in climbing. Bignonia has hooks which help in clinging and climbing. Nepenthes has pitcher-shaped leaves which trap insects. Utricularia has bladder-like structures to capture small aquatic organisms. Therefore, the correct sequence is sweet pea, bignonia, Nepenthes, and Utricularia.

A phyllode is a modified leaf. In some plants, the petiole or leaf stalk becomes flattened and performs the functions of a leaf, which is known as a phyllode. This adaptation is often seen in plants like Acacia.

A bulb is an underground specialized shoot with a reduced disc-like stem covered by fleshy leaves. Examples include onions and tulips. The fleshy leaves store nutrients for the plant.

Stipular tendril modification is found in Smilax. In this modification, the stipules, which are small leaf-like structures found at the base of the leaf stalk, transform into tendrils that help the plant to climb.

Phylloclades are modified stems that are green and succulent, allowing them to carry out photosynthesis. They have indefinite growth and are adapted to arid conditions, where leaves are reduced to minimize water loss.

The bladder of Utricularia (bladderwort) and the pitchers of Nepenthes are modifications of leaves. These structures are specialized for trapping and digesting insects, providing the plants with essential nutrients.

The 'eyes' of the potato tuber are axillary buds. These are the points on the potato where new shoots will grow. Each 'eye' can sprout to form a new plant, which is why potatoes can be propagated by planting pieces of the tuber containing at least one eye.

In peach (Prunus persica), the ovary is half-inferior. This means that the ovary is partially embedded within the receptacle, a characteristic seen in certain types of flowers. Understanding the position of the ovary helps in identifying the type of fruit and its development.

Flowers are zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) in Gulmohar (Delonix regia). Zygomorphic flowers can be divided into two equal halves in only one plane. This is a key identifying feature of flowers like Gulmohar, which aids in their classification.