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Botany MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

Practice free Botany NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.

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NEET 2025
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Each of the following characteristics represent a Kingdom proposed by Whittaker. Arrange the following in increasing order of complexity of body organization. A. Multicellular heterotrophs with cell wall made of chitin. B. Heterotrophs with tissue/organ/organ system level of body organization. C. Prokaryotes with cell wall made of polysaccharides and amino acids. D. Eukaryotic autotrophs with tissue/organ level of body organization. E. Eukaryotes with cellular body organization. Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

Monera (C, prokaryote) → Protista (E, unicellular eukaryote) → Fungi (A) → Plantae (D) → Animalia (B). Increasing order: C, E, A, D, B.

NEET 2025
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Who is known as the father of Ecology in India?

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Explanation

Ramdeo Misra is regarded as the "father of Ecology in India".

NEET 2025
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Match List I with List II:

List-I — A. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase, B. Euchromatin, C. Frederick Griffith, D. Heterochromatin

List-II — I. Streptococcus pneumoniae, II. Densely packed and dark-stained, III. Loosely packed and light-stained, IV. DNA as genetic material confirmation

Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

Hershey & Chase → confirmed DNA as genetic material (IV); Euchromatin → loosely packed, light-stained (III); Griffith → Streptococcus pneumoniae transformation (I); Heterochromatin → densely packed, dark-stained (II).

NEET 2025
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Match List I with List II:

List I — A. Scutellum, B. Non-albuminous seed, C. Epiblast, D. Perisperm

List II — I. Persistent nucellus, II. Cotyledon of Monocot seed, III. Groundnut, IV. Rudimentary cotyledon

Choose the option with all correct matches:

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Explanation

Scutellum → cotyledon of a monocot seed (II); Non-albuminous seed → groundnut (III); Epiblast → rudimentary cotyledon (IV); Perisperm → persistent nucellus (I).

NEET 2025
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Silencing of specific mRNA is possible via RNAi because of:

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Explanation

RNAi silences a target mRNA through complementary double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that triggers degradation of the complementary mRNA.

NEET 2025
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Genes R and Y follow independent assortment. If RRYY produce round yellow seeds and rryy produce wrinkled green seeds, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the F₂ generation?

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Explanation

A dihybrid cross with independent assortment gives the classic F₂ phenotypic ratio 9 : 3 : 3 : 1.

NEET 2025
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Histones are enriched with:

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Explanation

Histones are positively charged (basic) proteins rich in the basic amino acids lysine and arginine, enabling them to bind the negatively charged DNA.

NEET 2025
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Which of the following is the unit of productivity of an Ecosystem?

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Explanation

Productivity is a rate (energy fixed per unit area per unit time), so its unit is $(\text{kcal m}^{-2})\text{yr}^{-1}$.

NEET 2025
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With the help of the given pedigree, find out the probability for the birth of a child having no disease and being a carrier (has the disease mutation in one allele of the gene) in F₃ generation.

F₀ F₁ F₂ F₃ ???? Unaffected male Affected male Carrier female Unaffected female
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Explanation

The F₂ cross is between a carrier female (Aa) and an affected male (aa). Offspring are ½ Aa (unaffected carrier) : ½ aa (affected). The probability of an unaffected carrier child is 1/2.

NEET 2025
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Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Cells of the tapetum possess dense cytoplasm and generally have more than one nucleus.

Reason (R): Presence of more than one nucleus in the tapetum increases the efficiency of nourishing the developing microspore mother cells.

Choose the correct answer:

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Explanation

The tapetum nourishes developing pollen; its cells have dense cytoplasm and are multinucleate, which raises their nourishing efficiency — R correctly explains A.

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