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Aldehyde ketones & carboxylic Acid MCQs for NEET — Chemistry Questions with Answers

Practice free Aldehyde ketones & carboxylic Acid (Chemistry) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.

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Which of the following statements accurately describes the hybridization and geometry of the carbonyl carbon atom?

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Explanation

According to the NCERT text, 'The carbonyl carbon atom is sp2-hybridised and forms three sigma (s) bonds... The bond angles are approximately 120° as expected of a trigonal coplanar structure.' This directly indicates sp2 hybridization and trigonal planar geometry.

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The carbon-oxygen double bond in a carbonyl group is polarised due to:

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Explanation

The context clearly states, 'The carbon-oxygen double bond is polarised due to higher electronegativity of oxygen relative to carbon.'

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Based on the polarity of the carbonyl group, which statement is correct regarding the nature of the carbonyl carbon and oxygen atoms?

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Explanation

The NCERT text explains, 'Hence, the carbonyl carbon is an electrophilic (Lewis acid), and carbonyl oxygen, a nucleophilic (Lewis base) centre.'

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Carbonyl compounds have substantial dipole moments. This property indicates that they are:

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Explanation

The context mentions, 'Carbonyl compounds have substantial dipole moments and are polar than ethers.' This directly compares their polarity relative to ethers.

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The high polarity of the carbonyl group can be explained by resonance involving which types of structures?

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Explanation

The text states, 'The high polarity of the carbonyl group is explained on the basis of resonance involving a neutral (A) and a dipolar (B) structures as shown.'

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In a carbonyl group, the $\pi$-electron cloud is located:

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Explanation

The NCERT states, '...the $\pi$-electron cloud is above and below this plane.' referring to the plane formed by the carbonyl carbon and its attached atoms.

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What is the primary role of the fourth valence electron of carbon in a carbonyl group?

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Explanation

The text specifies, 'The fourth valence electron of carbon remains in its p-orbital and forms a $\pi$-bond with oxygen by overlap with p-orbital of an oxygen.'

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Which of the following functional groups contains a carbon-oxygen double bond?

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Explanation

The introductory part of the chapter mentions, 'In this Unit, we will study about the organic compounds containing carbon-oxygen double bond (>C=O) called carbonyl group...'

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How do aldehydes differ from ketones based on the atoms bonded to the carbonyl group?

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Explanation

The NCERT states, 'In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a carbon and hydrogen while in the ketones, it is bonded to two carbon atoms.'

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Which statement regarding the number of non-bonding electron pairs on the oxygen atom in a carbonyl group is correct?

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Explanation

The text states, 'In addition, the oxygen atom also has two non-bonding electron pairs.'

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