Chemical Thermodynamics MCQs for NEET — Chemistry Questions with Answers

Kerosene has a higher calorific value compared to charcoal, wood, and dung. Calorific value is the amount of energy released during the combustion of a substance. Kerosene, being a refined petroleum product, has a higher energy content per kilogram compared to the other options.

The heat of neutralization is defined as the heat set free when one gram equivalent of an acid is neutralized by one gram equivalent of a base in dilute solution at a stated temperature. This definition specifically considers the neutralization reaction between acid and base in molar equivalents.

Compounds with a high heat of formation are less stable because they are in an energy-rich state which leads to instability. High heat of formation indicates that a lot of energy is stored within the compound, making it prone to releasing energy and thus being less stable.

A Beckmann thermometer is specifically designed to measure small differences in temperature, often in the range of 0.01°C to 5°C. This makes it suitable for measuring low temperatures with high precision.

The calorific value of fat is higher than that of carbohydrates and protein. This is because fats contain long chains of hydrocarbons which, when oxidized, release more energy compared to carbohydrates and proteins. Carbohydrates and proteins have approximately 4 kcal/g, while fats have about 9 kcal/g.

The decomposition of $N_2O_5$ to $N_2O$ and $O_2$ is accompanied by an increase in entropy. This is because the decomposition reaction results in more molecules being produced (more moles of gas). In general, reactions that produce more gas molecules tend to have an increase in entropy.

Glass does not exhibit zero entropy at absolute zero. According to the third law of thermodynamics, crystalline substances have zero entropy at absolute zero. However, glass is an amorphous solid and does not have a perfectly ordered structure, thus retaining some entropy even at absolute zero.