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Phenol is isolated from coal tar, but most of the worldwide commercial production of phenol is currently derived from which compound?
The NCERT text states, 'Most of the worldwide production of phenol is from cumene.' Cumene is isopropylbenzene, which is oxidized to cumene hydroperoxide and then converted to phenol and acetone.
In the industrial preparation of phenol from cumene, what is the significant by-product also obtained in large quantities?
The NCERT text mentions, 'It is converted to phenol and acetone by treating it with dilute acid. Acetone, a by-product of this reaction, is also obtained in large quantities by this method.'
Which of the following reagents is used to convert benzene diazonium chloride to phenol?
The NCERT text states: 'Diazonium salts are hydrolysed to phenols by warming with water or by treating with dilute acids.'
What are the typical conditions for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene (Dow process)?
The NCERT text describes this method: 'Chlorobenzene is fused with NaOH at 623K and 320 atmospheric pressure. Phenol is obtained by acidification of sodium phenoxide so produced'.
Starting from benzenesulphonic acid, what is the intermediate formed before acidification to yield phenol?
The NCERT text says: 'Benzene is sulphonated with oleum and benzene sulphonic acid so formed is converted to sodium phenoxide on heating with molten sodium hydroxide. Acidification of the sodium salt gives phenol.'
Diazonium salts for phenol preparation are formed by treating an aromatic primary amine with which of the following reagents?
The NCERT text states: 'A diazonium salt is formed by treating an aromatic primary amine with nitrous acid (NaNO2 + HCl) at 273-278 K.'
The preparation of phenol in the laboratory is typically carried out from which type of compounds, as mentioned in the NCERT text?
The NCERT text states: 'In the laboratory, phenols are prepared from benzene derivatives by any of the following methods.'
Which of the following organic functional groups is characteristic of both alcohols and phenols?
The introductory part of the chapter mentions: 'Alcohols and phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, aliphatic and aromatic respectively, is replaced by –OH group.'
Phenol was first isolated from which natural source in the early nineteenth century?
The NCERT text states: 'Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, was first isolated in the early nineteenth century from coal tar.'
Which of the following hormones is NOT an amino-acid derivative?
According to the NCERT text, amino-acid derivatives include epinephrine. Norepinephrine is also an amino acid derivative. Thyroxine (iodothyronine) is derived from tyrosine, an amino acid. Cortisol, on the other hand, is a steroid hormone. Therefore, Cortisol is not an amino-acid derivative.
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