Practice free Electrostatics (Physics) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
What is the unit of Polarization (P) as listed in the 'Physical quantity Symbol Dimensions Unit Remark' table?
The table explicitly states: 'Polarisation P [L$^{-2}$ AT] C m$^{-2}$ Dipole moment per unit volume'.
A capacitor has its plates separated by a dielectric. The product $\epsilon_0 K$ is referred to as:
The NCERT states: 'The product $\epsilon_0 K$ is called the permittivity of the medium and is denoted by $\epsilon = \epsilon_0 K$ (2.52).'
In the presence of an external electric field, a dielectric material develops surface charges ($\pm \sigma_p$) on its faces normal to the field. How do these induced surface charges affect the total electric field inside the dielectric?
The text states: 'The field produced by these surface charges opposes the external field. The total field in the dielectric is, thereby, reduced from the case when no dielectric is present.'
Why does a volume element ($\Delta v$) within a polarized dielectric slab, far from its surfaces, have no net charge, even though it possesses a net dipole moment?
The NCERT mentions: 'Anywhere inside the dielectric, the volume element $\Delta v$ has no net charge (though it has net dipole moment). This is, because, the positive charge of one dipole sits close to the negative charge of the adjacent dipole.'
Which type of molecule, when polarized by an external field, primarily exhibits an alignment effect of its existing permanent dipoles rather than a significant induced dipole moment effect?
The text states for polar molecules: 'there may be, in addition, the 'induced dipole moment' effect as for non-polar molecules, but generally the alignment effect is more important for polar molecules.'
Which of the following statements correctly contrasts the electric potential due to a point charge and an electric dipole at large distances?
According to the NCERT text, 'The electric dipole potential falls off, at large distance, as $1/r^2$, not as $1/r$, characteristic of the potential due to a single charge.' Therefore, a point charge's potential decreases as $1/r$ and a dipole's potential decreases as $1/r^2$ at large distances.
The electric potential due to an electric dipole at a point P depends on which of the following?
The NCERT text states: '(i) The potential due to a dipole depends not just on $r$ but also on the angle between the position vector $\vec{r}$ and the dipole moment vector $\vec{p}$.' Equation (2.14) $V = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{p \cos\theta}{r^2}$ clearly shows this dependence.
What is the electric potential at a point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole?
As per the NCERT text, 'The potential in the equatorial plane ($\theta = \pi/2$) is zero.' This is because for $\theta = \pi/2$, $\cos\theta = 0$, making the potential $V = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{p \cos\theta}{r^2} = 0$.
An electric dipole consists of two charges $q$ and $-q$ separated by a distance $2a$. If the origin is taken at the center of the dipole, and a point P is located at a distance $r$ from the origin such that $r \gg a$, the electric potential at P is given by:
The NCERT text states that the electric potential of a dipole is given by $V = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{p \cdot \hat{r}}{r^2}$ or $V = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{p \cos\theta}{r^2}$ for $r \gg a$. This formula (Equation 2.14 and 2.15) holds for large distances.
The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to a point P in an electrostatic field represents the:
The NCERT text defines electrostatic potential as 'the work done in bringing a unit positive charge (without acceleration) from infinity to that point.' (Page 48).
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