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Thermodynamics MCQs for NEET — Physics Questions with Answers

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A uniform metal rod is used as a bas pendulum. If the room temperature rises by $ 10 ^\circ C $ and the efficient of line as expansion of the metal ofthe rod is, $ 2 \times 10^{-6} 0_c^{-1} $ what will have percentage increase

A. $ -2 \times 10^{-3} $ B. $ 1 \times 10^{-3} $ C. $ -1 \times 10^{-3} $ D. $ 2 \times 10^{-3} $

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Explanation

$ { \triangle T \over T } = { 1 \over 2} 2 \triangle 0 = { 1 \over 2} \times 2 \times 10 ^ {-6} \times 10 = 10 ^ {-5} $ $ \% in increase = { \triangle T \over T } \times 100 = 10 ^ {-5} \times 100 = 1 \times 10 ^ {-3} \% $

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A gas expands from 1 litre to 3 litre at atmospheric pressure. The work done by the gas is about

A. 200 J B. 2 J C. 300 J D. $ 2 \times 10^5 J $

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Explanation

$ W = p \triangle V $

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Each molecule of a gas has f degrees of freedom. The radio $ { C_P \over C_V} = \gamma $ for the gas is

A. $ 1 + { f \over 2} $ B. $ 1 + { 1 \over f } $ C. $ 1 + { 2 \over f } $ D. $ 1 + { (f - 1) \over 3 } $

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Explanation

$C_p = \left( { f \over 2 } + 1 \right) R, C_v = {f \over 2} R $ $ { C_p \over C_v }= { \left( { f \over 2 } + 1 \right) R \over { f \over 2} R } = { {f \over 2} + 1 \over { f \over 2} } = { f+2 \over f} = 1 + { 2 \over f } $

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If the ratio of specific heat of a gas at Consgant pressure to that at constant volume is $ \gamma $ , the Change in internal energy of the mass of gas, when the volume changes from V to 2V at Constant Pressure p, is

A. $ { PV \over \gamma - 1 } $ B. $ { R \over \gamma - 1 } $ C. PV D. $ { \gamma PV \over \gamma - 1 } $

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Explanation

$ \triangle u = { P (V_2 - V_1) \over \gamma _1 } = { PV \over \gamma - 1 } $

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The change in internal energy, when a gas is cooled from $ 927 ^\circ to 27 ^\circ C $

A. 200% B. 100% C. 300% D. 400%

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Explanation

$ U \alpha T { u_1 \over u_2} = { T_1 \over T_2} $ $ \therefore { u_1 - u_2 \over u_2} = {T_1 - T_2 \over T_2} $

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For hydrogen gas Cp - Cv = a and for oxygen gas Cp - Cv = b, The relation between a and b is given by

A. a =4b B. a = b C. a = 16 b D. a = 8 b

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Explanation

For all gases $ C_p - C_v = R $

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In a thermodynamic process, pressure ofa fixed mass ofa gas is changed in such a manner that the gas release 20J of heat and 8J of work has done on the gas- If the inifial internal energy of the gas was 30j, then the final internal energy will be

A. 58 J B. 2 J C. 42 J D. 18 J

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Explanation

$ \triangle Q = \triangle u + \triangle w $

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If for a gas $ { Cp \over Cv } = 1.67 $ this gas is made up to molecules which are

diatomic

Polytomic

monoatomic

mixnese of diatomic and polytomic molecules

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Explanation

$ { C_p \over C_v }= 1+ { 2 \over f} $

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One mole of a monoatomic gas $ ( \gamma = 5 /3 ) $ is mixed with one mole ofA diatomic gas $ ( \gamma= 7/5 ) $ what will be value of $ \gamma $ for mixture ?

A. 1-454 B. 1-4 C. 1-54 D. 1-5

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Explanation

monoatomic gas cv = 3/2 R, diatomic gas cv = 5 /2 R, one mole of each gas is mixed $ C_v (mix) = {1 \over 2} \left[ { 3\over 2} R + { 5 \over 2} R \right] = 2R $ $C_p (mix) = R+ C_v $ =R + 2R = 3R $ r = { C_p mix \over C_v mix} = { 3R \over 2R } = 1.5 $

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If du represents the increase in internal energy of a thesmodynamic system and dw the work done by the system, which of the following statement is true ?

A. du = dw in isothermal process B. du = dw in aidabadic process C. du = - dw in an aidabadic process D. da = - dw in an isothermal process

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Explanation

dQ = du + dw

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