Practice free Excretory Products and Their Elimination (Zoology) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Which of the following processes in urine formation is described as a 'non-selective process'?
The NCERT text states: 'Urine formation involves three main processes, i.e., filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Filtration is a non-selective process performed by the glomerulus using the glomerular capillary blood pressure.'
What is the primary driving force for glomerular filtration?
The NCERT text mentions: 'Filtration is a non-selective process performed by the glomerulus using the glomerular capillary blood pressure.'
Approximately how much blood is filtered by the glomerulus per minute?
The NCERT text states: 'About 1200 ml of blood is filtered by the glomerulus per minute to form 125 ml of filtrate in the Bowman’s capsule per minute (GFR).'
The structural unit consisting of the glomerulus enclosed by Bowman's capsule is known as the:
The NCERT text states: 'The Bowman’s capsule encloses the glomerulus to form Malpighian or renal corpuscle.'
What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in a healthy individual?
The NCERT text defines GFR as: 'The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidneys per minute is called glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR in a healthy individual is approximately 125 ml/minute, i.e., 180 litres per day!'
Which component of the nephron forms a tuft of capillaries and is responsible for the initial filtration of blood?
The NCERT text states: 'Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed from afferent arterioles, fine branches of renal artery.'
How much filtrate is formed per day by the kidneys in a healthy individual?
The NCERT text states: 'GFR in a healthy individual is approximately 125 ml/minute, i.e., 180 litres per day!'
The filtrate formed in Bowman's capsule is similar in composition to plasma, with the exception of:
The NCERT text mentions the filtrate's composition as 'that of plasma except the nitrogenous wastes.' It also implicitly states that protein-free fluid is filtered in the exercise question 3(c) 'Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.'. Hence, proteins are excluded from the filtrate. While nitrogenous wastes are present in the filtrate, they are not 'excepted' from plasma to form the filtrate, rather, proteins are. The context talks about the filtrate being like plasma, implying large molecules like proteins are excluded.
The juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) regulates GFR through cellular modifications in which two structures?
The NCERT text states: 'JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the distal convoluted tubule and the afferent arteriole at the location of their contact.'
A fall in GFR activates JG cells to release which substance to stimulate glomerular blood flow and restore GFR?
The NCERT text states: 'A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby the GFR back to normal.'
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