Human Reproduction MCQs for NEET — Zoology Questions with Answers

The correct chronology of cell production during spermatogenesis is:
Germinal epithelium → Spermatogonium → Primary Spermatocyte → Secondary Spermatocyte → Spermatids.
This sequence follows the development stages from initial germ cells to the formation of spermatids.

The prostate gland is an accessory reproductive gland in male mammals. It plays a crucial role in producing a fluid that is a component of semen, which helps nourish and transport sperm.

Sperm cells are produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. These tubules are lined with Sertoli cells and germ cells, which are responsible for the process of spermatogenesis, the production of sperm.

If after ovulation no pregnancy occurs, the corpus luteum degenerates in a short time. This structure, which forms from the ruptured ovarian follicle, stops producing progesterone, leading to menstruation.

Parturition is the process of delivering the fetus from the uterus through the birth canal. It is the culmination of pregnancy and marks the beginning of the postnatal period. This term specifically refers to the act of childbirth.

Refer NCERT, Heading 22.2.9 Para 1 page 338, It takes place in Seminiferous tubule

Menstruation is caused by the reduction of estrogen and progesterone, especially progesterone at the end of monthly ovarian cycle. The first effect is decreased stimulation of the endometrial cells by these two hormones followed rapidly by involution of the endometrium itself to : about 65% of its previous thickness.

(d) At the onset of the luteal phase, plasma gonadotropins decrease and plasma progesterone increases. A secondary rise in estrogens causes further gonadotropin suppression. Near the end of the luteal phase, progesterone and estrogen level falls, and FSH levels begin to rise to initiate the development of the next follicle.

(b) Hyaluronidase is a hydrolytic enzyme present in the acrosome of sperm (human testes). It lysis the glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix holding the cell of the corona radiata together. As the coronal cells become more loosely associated, sperm cells can propel themselves inward, toward the zona pellucida by making a receptive cone or fertilization cone through the cytoplasm of the egg. Hyaluronidase may also be involved in breaking down the Zona Pellucida. Fertilizin is a chemical substance secreted from the cortical region of egg cytoplasm to attract the sperm towards the egg. Acrosin is released from the acrosome of a spermatozoa as a consequence of the acrosome reaction. It aids in the penetration of Zona Pellucida. Capacitation is the final stage in the maturation process of spermatozoa. This takes place inside the genital tract as the sperm penetrates the ovum.