Locomotion and Movement MCQs for NEET — Zoology Questions with Answers

The essential mineral element for muscle contraction is Calcium (Ca⁺⁺). During muscle contraction, calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the muscle cell, which then interact with regulatory proteins on the actin filaments, allowing the cross-bridge cycle to occur.

Acetylcholine is essential for the transmission of messages in the nervous system. It is a neurotransmitter that is released at the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors on the post-synaptic membrane, which leads to the propagation of the nerve impulse.

Lactic acid is the chemical evolved during anaerobic respiration of glycogen in muscle. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid, which helps regenerate NAD⁺ needed for glycolysis to continue.

Lactic acid is produced during intense exercise when oxygen levels are low, leading to anaerobic respiration in muscles. This accumulation of lactic acid causes a decrease in pH within the muscle cells, leading to the sensation of muscle fatigue.

Red muscles, also known as slow-twitch muscles, have a high myoglobin content. Myoglobin is a protein that binds oxygen, allowing red muscles to sustain prolonged aerobic activities.

Red muscles are referred to as aerobic muscles because they have a high capacity for aerobic metabolism. They contain many mitochondria and a high concentration of myoglobin, allowing them to generate energy through aerobic respiration efficiently.

The study of the skeletal system is called osteology. The term 'osteology' is derived from the Greek words 'osteon' meaning bone and 'logos' meaning study. This field focuses on the structure, function, and diseases of bones.

The human skeletal system consists of 206 bones. This count includes all the bones in the adult human body, accounting for the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, and rib cage) and the appendicular skeleton (limbs and girdles).

Each middle ear of a human contains 3 bones: the malleus, incus, and stapes. These bones are collectively known as the auditory ossicles and are responsible for transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.