Zoology MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

Assertion (A) is correct because some proteins do indeed transport nutrients across cell membranes. However, the reason (R) provided, which states that the variation in different species of living organisms is due to the variation in their biomolecules, is also true but does not serve as an explanation for the assertion. Therefore, both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Proteins conjugated to carbohydrates are known as glycoproteins. Glycoproteins play various roles in the cell, including in cell-cell interactions and immune responses. Therefore, the correct answer is 'glycoprotein'.

The most abundant organic compound on earth is cellulose. Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate or polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units. It is a primary structural component of the cell walls of green plants, many forms of algae, and the oomycetes. This makes it the most abundant organic compound in the biosphere.

Albumin is a simple protein. Simple proteins are those that yield only amino acids or their derivatives upon hydrolysis. Albumin is a water-soluble, heat-coagulating protein that can be found in egg whites, blood plasma, and other tissues. Unlike conjugated proteins, it does not contain any prosthetic groups (non-protein components).

The bond formed between the first phosphate group and adenosine in ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is a phosphoester bond. In ATP, the adenosine is connected to the first phosphate group by a phosphoester bond, while the bonds between the phosphate groups themselves are phosphoanhydride bonds.

A five-membered ring sugar is commonly referred to as a 'furanose'. This term is derived from the similarity of these ring structures to the organic compound furan. In contrast, a six-membered ring sugar is known as a 'pyranose'.

t-RNA (transfer RNA) is a polymer of ribonucleotides. Each ribonucleotide is composed of a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. t-RNA plays a critical role in translating genetic information from mRNA into proteins during protein synthesis.

Guanine is one of the purine bases found in RNA. The purine bases are adenine and guanine. The other bases mentioned (thymine, uracil, and cytosine) are either pyrimidine bases (thymine and cytosine) or specific to DNA (thymine).

Glutamic acid is classified as an acidic amino acid because it has a carboxyl group (-COOH) in its side chain that can donate a proton (H+), making the solution acidic. In contrast, Valine, Lysine, and Arginine have different side chains that do not have this acidic property.