Practice free Zoology NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Which of the following restriction enzymes produces blunt ends?
The restriction enzyme EcoRV recognizes the palindromic DNA sequence 5'-GATATC-3' and cleaves it to produce blunt ends (no overhanging bases). Other enzymes like SalI, XhoI, and HindIII produce sticky ends (overhanging bases) after cleaving DNA.
Which of the following is a endonuclease?
(d) I-Iind II is a restriction endonuclease. Restriction endonucleases are enzymes used for cutting of
DNA at specific locations.
Hind II was the first restriction endonuclease isolated by Smith Wilcox and Kelley in 1968. It was
found that it always cut DNA molecules at a particular point by recognising a specific sequence of six
base pairs.
The Taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from
(d) Taq polymerase is a thermostable DNA polymerase obtained from Thermus aquaticus.
Theimusaquaticus is a bacterium that lives in hot springs and hydrothermal vents.
The DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called
The DNA molecule to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning is called vector. It is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell, where it can be replicated and/for expressed. A vector containing foreign DNA is termed as recombinant DNA.
Which vector can clone only a small fragment of DNA?
Plasmid is a small fragment of DNA (about 10 Kbp size) that is physically separate form and can replicate freely of chromosomal DNA within a cell. It can clone small DNA fragments.
Cosmid-45 Kbp
BAC-300-350 Kbp
YAC-1 Mbp/1,000 Kbp-2,500 Kbp)
DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonucleases in a chemical reaction can be separated by
DNA fragments generated by restriction endonucleases can be separated based on their size using a technique called gel electrophoresis. It involves applying an electric field to separate DNA fragments through a porous gel matrix, with smaller fragments moving faster than larger ones.
Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
(c) Algae is a plant and so its cell wall is made up of cellulose. Cellulase enzyme is needed for degradation of its cell wall.
PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism are the methods for
The hypervariable regions of DNA have Variable Number of Tandem repeats (VNTRs) of short
nucleotide sequences which are specific for each individual (except for monozygotic twins). Variations
also occur due to mutations, small deletions or insertions. Therefore, DNA cut by a particular
endonuclease will have different lengths in different persons. This phenomenon is called Restriction
Fragment Length Polymorphism. It is the basis of genetic (or DNA) fingerprinting and is useful in
identifying individuals from their semen, blood or tissues or any other DNA sample and resolution of
parent hood disputes. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is also useful in genetic fingerprinting as it can
amplify the DNA sample even if available in a very small amount.
A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is called
Probes are 15-30 bases long radioactive labelled oligonucleotides (RNA or DNA) used to detect complementary nucleotide sequences, used for disease diagnosis, etc.
Which one is a one statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is used to amplify a DNA segment or to synthesize in vitro the multiple copies of gene (or DNA) of interest, using two sets of primers and the enzyme DNA polymerase. This enzyme is isolated from a bacterium Thermus aquaticus and it remains active during the high temperature but high temperature induced denaturation of double stranded DNA.
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