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Blood doping means use of banned substances by athletes that have a favorable effect on erythrocyte count by stimulating the bone marrow. The source of such a hormone can be the human:
Answer: 3
Kidney produces erythropoietin that stimulates bone marrow to produce more RBCs.
The condition where urea accumulates in blood is:
XI NCERT, PAGE No 298
EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION
19.8 DISORDERS OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
Juxta glomerular apparatus is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the:
Page 294, XI NCERT
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) will promote a(n) ________ in the excretion of sodium and water; thus ________ blood volume and blood pressure.
ANH or ANF opposes RAAS
Page 297, XI NCERT
Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in
The removal of proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) from the nephron results in lack of reabsorption of high threshold substances from renal tubules and obligatory reabsorption of water is also affected leading to more diluted urine. Since PCT is associated with reabsorption of much water by osmosis and glucose and amino acids by secondary active transport and other salts and ions as sodium and potassium by primary active transport.
Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water and permeable to K+, Cl- and Na+ and partially permeable to urea. Due to this, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and chloride are reabsorbed here making the filterate hypotonic.
A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of
(b) A decrease in blood pressure / volume stimulates the release of renin, aldosterone, and ADH while increase in blood pressure / volume stimulates the release of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF). Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) is produced during increased blood pressure/volume. It can cause vasodilation and there by, decrease the blood pressure, therefore, option (b) is correct.
The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
(b) Proximal convoluted tubule is involved in active reabsorption of sodium. The majority (about 70%) of sodium is reabsorbed here, into the cytosol of the epithelial cells of the nephron.
Human urine is usually acidic because
(d) The proximal tubule is the portion of nephron of the kidney which leads from the Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. It regulates the pH of the filtrate by exchanging hydrogen ions in the interstitium for bicarbonate ions in the filtrate. Due to the H+ ions the human urine is usually acidic. Thus H+ are actively secreted into the filtrate is the correct option.
Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine ?
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