Zoology MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

Globulin is one of the protein found in serum and it includes proteins, enzymes, complement and immunoglobulins (antibody).
That's why, if major deficiency of antibodies is suspected in a person, the globulins in serum is tested as the confirmatory evidence.

(b) Grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to the cell-mediated immune response that is mediated by T-lymphocytes. The body is able to differentiate 'self' and 'non-self'. Therefore, tissue matching, blood group matching are essential before undertaking any graft/transplant and even after this the patient has to take immunosupressants all his/her life.

Babesiosis is a malaria-like parasitic disease caused by infection with Babesia bigemina, a genus of protozoa piroplasms.
Syphllis - Treponema pallidum (bacterium)
Influenza - Influenza virus
Blastomycosis - Blastomyces dermatitidis (fungus)

Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite responsible for a disease called amoebiasis. It occurs usually in the large intestine and causes internal inflammation. Neutrophils and non-activated macrophages may be killed and ingested by the organism, limiting the ability of the immune system to deal with the disease. E. histolytica is also capable of phagocytosing red blood cells. They feed up on erythrocytes, mucosa and submucosa of colon.

(a) T-lymphocyte receptors can recognise only antigen that bound to cell membrane protein. These lymphocytes mediate CMI (cell mediated immunity). B-lymphocytes are the major effector molecules of humoral immunity. Erythrocytes are red blood cells. Thrombocytes or platelets secrete factors that are involved in vascular repair.

Widal test is one of the most over utilized diagnostic tests for typhoid fever in developing countries ever since its introduction over 100 years ago. This test demonstrates the presence of somatic (O) and flagellar (H) agglutinins to Salmonella typhi in the patients serum using suspensions of O and H antigens. Antigens of S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B are included in most commercial kits.

(b) Serturner, a pharmacist isolated the, active principle of opium in 1806 and named it morphine. Morphine is a phenanthrene opioid receptor agonist, its main effect is binding to and activating the H-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. In clinical setting, morphine exerts its principal pharmacological effect on the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Its primary actions of therapeutic value are analgesic and sedation.

(b) Ringworm refers to fungal infections that are on the surface of the skin. Although the world is full of yeasts, moulds and fungi, only a few cause skin problems. These agents are called the dermatophytes. Some common dermatophytic fungi are Trichophyton rubrum, T. tonsurans, T. interdigitale, T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum, Canis and Epidermophyton floccosum.
 
 

AIDS( Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is a viral disease of immune system. It is caused by virus Human patients, the virus home on CD₄ + T-cells (helper T-lymphocytes), infecting and killing them until none are left. Without their crucial immune system cells, the body cannot mount a defence against invading bacteria or viruses. AIDS patient die off infections that a healthy person could fought off.