Zoology MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

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The ability of retroviruses to transform normal cells into cancerous cells has been adapted in biotechnology for what purpose?

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Explanation

A better understanding of the art of delivering genes by pathogens in their eukaryotic hosts has generated knowledge to transform these tools of pathogens into useful vectors for delivering genes of interest to humans. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)

In the context of recombinant DNA technology and gene delivery, what is a 'disarmed pathogen'?

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Explanation

The text mentions 'disarmed pathogen' vectors, which when allowed to infect the cell, transfer the recombinant DNA into the host. This implies that their disease-causing ability has been removed or 'disarmed' while retaining their gene delivery mechanism. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)

Which biotechnological technique is explicitly mentioned for directly injecting recombinant DNA into the nucleus of an animal cell?

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Explanation

In a method known as micro-injection, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)

According to the NCERT text, which of the following is NOT a component of the comprehensive definition of 'health'?

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Explanation

The NCERT text defines health as 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.' While economic prosperity can be a result of health ('When people are healthy, they are more efficient at work. This increases productivity and brings economic prosperity.'), it is not part of the definition of health itself.

Which of the following historical perspectives on health was disproved by scientific methods like the discovery of blood circulation by William Harvey and the use of a thermometer?

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Explanation

The NCERT text states, 'The discovery of blood circulation by William Harvey using experimental method and the demonstration of normal body temperature in persons with blackbile using thermometer disproved the 'good humor' hypothesis of health.' This contrasts with early Greek and Indian Ayurveda systems that asserted a balance of certain humors determined health.

Which of the following measures is essential for achieving good health, particularly in preventing infectious diseases?

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Explanation

The NCERT text lists 'Awareness about diseases and their effect on different bodily functions, vaccination (immunisation) against infectious diseases, proper disposal of wastes, control of vectors and maintenance of hygiene in food and water resources are necessary for achieving good health.'

The broad definition of 'reproductive health' by the World Health Organization (WHO) encompasses:

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Explanation

According to the NCERT, 'According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), reproductive health means a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e., physical, emotional, behavioural and social.'

Which statement regarding diseases, as per NCERT, is correct?

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Explanation

The NCERT states, 'When the functioning of one or more organs or systems of the body is adversely affected, characterised by appearance of various signs and symptoms, we say that we are not healthy, i.e., we have a disease.' It also clarifies that health is not just the 'absence of disease' and that cancer is a 'non-infectious disease'.

Among the common causes of death mentioned in the context, what is identified as a major cause of death among non-infectious diseases?

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Explanation

The text states, 'Among non-infectious diseases, cancer is the major cause of death.' AIDS is mentioned as a fatal infectious disease.

Pathogens are described as disease-causing organisms. What is their general characteristic related to the host?

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Explanation

The NCERT defines pathogens as 'Such disease-causing organisms... Most parasites are therefore pathogens as they cause harm to the host by living in (or on) them.'

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