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Which of the following describes the central nervous system in chordates?
According to Table 4.1 in the NCERT text, the central nervous system in chordates is dorsal, hollow, and single. In contrast, non-chordates have a ventral, solid, and double central nervous system.
Which of these features is unique to chordates among the options listed, as compared to non-chordates?
While chordates exhibit bilateral symmetry, organ-system level of organisation, and a closed circulatory system, these features are not unique to them as some non-chordates also possess these. The presence of pharyngeal gill slits is one of the fundamental distinguishing features of chordates, as stated in the NCERT text (Figure 4.16 and Table 4.1).
Protochordates are characterized by being exclusively:
The NCERT text states, 'Subphyla Urochordata and Cephalochordata are often referred to as protochordates... and are exclusively marine.'
In which subphylum of Chordata does the notochord extend from head to tail region and persist throughout their life?
The NCERT text specifies, 'In Urochordata, notochord is present only in larval tail, while in Cephalochordata, it extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life.'
Which of the following is an example of an organism from the subphylum Urochordata?
The NCERT text provides 'Examples: Urochordata – Ascidia, Salpa, Doliolum; Cephalochordata – Branchiostoma (Amphioxus or Lancelet).'
Apart from the basic chordate characters, what do vertebrates possess for excretion and osmoregulation?
The NCERT text states, 'Besides the basic chordate characters, vertebrates have a ventral muscular heart... kidneys for excretion and osmoregulation...'
Which of the following statements correctly differentiates between Urochordata and Cephalochordata regarding the notochord?
The NCERT text clearly states, 'In Urochordata, notochord is present only in larval tail, while in Cephalochordata, it extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life.'
The heart in chordates is typically located:
Table 4.1 in the NCERT book compares chordates and non-chordates, stating that 'Heart is ventral' in chordates, whereas it is 'dorsal (if present)' in non-chordates.
Which characteristic is shared by both chordates and non-chordates according to the provided text?
The NCERT text mentions that chordates are 'bilaterally symmetrical'. While the other options are distinctly chordate features, bilateral symmetry is a characteristic found in many non-chordate phyla as well (e.g., Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca as per the 'Summary' and Table 4.2).
What is the fate of the notochord in adult vertebrates?
The NCERT text states, 'The members of subphylum Vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period. The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult.'
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The bank mixes NEET previous year questions (PYQs) with practice questions, each tagged with its exam appearances where applicable.