Solutions MCQs for NEET — Chemistry Questions with Answers

(b) Let mass of the solution = 100g

Mass of the solute = 2g

Mass of the solvent = 100g-2g= 98g

So, amount of solvent,${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{w}}=\frac{98\mathrm{g}}{{\displaystyle \raisebox{1ex}{$18\mathrm{g}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\mathrm{mol}$}\right.}}=5.44 \mathrm{mol}$

Amount of solute, ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{s}}=\frac{2\mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{M}}$

Then, Mole fraction of the solute, ${\mathrm{X}}_{\mathrm{s}}=\frac{{\displaystyle \raisebox{1ex}{$2\mathrm{g}$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$\mathrm{M}$}\right.}}{5.44 \mathrm{mol}}$

(assuming solution to be dilute)

From Raoult's law, ${\mathrm{X}}_{\mathrm{s}}=\frac{∆\mathrm{p}}{\mathrm{p}°}=\frac{0.004 \mathrm{bar}}{1 \mathrm{bar}}=0.004$

Therefore,$\frac{2\mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{M}\times 5.44 \mathrm{mol}}=0.004$

or M=$\frac{2\mathrm{g}}{5.44 \mathrm{mol} \times 0.004}=91.9 \mathrm{g} {\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$

(b) Shows negative deviation from Raoult's law.

If the attraction between different molecules, for example between HCl and H₂O molecules, it is stronger, the escaping tendency from the solution to the vapour phase will be smaller. As a result the partial vapour pressure will be smaller than predicted by Raoult's law and the system exhibits a negative deviation.

(a) $$\begin{gathered} ∆\mathrm{T}={\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\text{'}}\times \mathrm{molality}=1.86\times 1=1.86 \\ \therefore \mathrm{Solution} \mathrm{starts} \mathrm{freezing} \mathrm{at} -1.86°\mathrm{C}. \\ \mathrm{Thus}, \mathrm{on} \mathrm{cooling} \mathrm{upto}-3.534°\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{freezing} \mathrm{continues}. \\ \mathrm{Let} \mathrm{molality} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{solution} \mathrm{left} \mathrm{at}-3.534 \mathrm{be} \mathrm{m}\text{'} \\ ∆\mathrm{T}={\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\text{'}}\times \mathrm{m}\text{'}; \mathrm{m}\text{'}=\frac{3.534}{1.86}=1.9 \end{gathered}$$

Initialy 1000 gm solvent contains 342 gm sucrose 1342 gm solution contain 342 gm sucrose

1000 gm solutions contain =$\frac{342\times 1000}{1342}\mathrm{sucrose}$

                                      = 254.84 gm sucrose

Finally, amount of water = 1000-254.84=745.16 gm

Since sucrose remains same in solution before and after freezing $\therefore 1.9\times 342 \mathrm{gm}$sucrose is in 1000 gm water 254.84 gm sucrose is in $\frac{1000\times 254.84}{1.9\times 342} \mathrm{gm}$ = 392.18 gm water.

Thus, wt. of ice seperated out = 745.16-392.18=352.98 gm.

(a) No. of partial/ion

BaCl₂ = 3, NaCl = 2, glucose=1

So, order BaCl₂ >NaCl > Glucose

$$\begin{gathered} ∆{\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{b}}=\mathrm{i}\times {\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{b}}\times \mathrm{m} \\ 1.518=\mathrm{i}\times 2.53\times 1 \\ \mathrm{i}=\frac{1.518}{2.53}=0.6 \\ -\frac{\mathrm{\alpha }}{2}=-0.4 \\ \frac{\mathrm{\alpha }}{2}=0.8 \\ \% \mathrm{association} = 80\% \end{gathered}$$

p=iMRT

i=dimensionless van't Hoff Factor 

M is the molarity

R=0.0826 L.atm mol^-1K^-1

T is the temperature

Sucrose = 342

Urea = 60

Glucose = 180

P₂>P₁>P₃ 

2% NaCl solution (A) seperated by semipermeable membrane from 10% NaCl solution (B). Then from dilute solution to conc. solution solvent flow.

The vapour pressure of water depends upon temperature only.

Mixture of ethanol and water shows positive +ve deviation from Roult's law.