Practice free Biotechnology and its Applications (Zoology) NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Which of the following describes the primary goal of gene therapy?
Gene therapy is defined as the insertion of genes into an individual’s cells and tissues to treat diseases, especially hereditary diseases, by replacing a defective mutant allele with a functional one or through gene targeting. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)
Which type of diseases are primary targets for gene therapy according to the provided text?
Gene therapy is the insertion of genes into an individual’s cells and tissues to treat diseases especially hereditary diseases. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)
How does gene therapy primarily achieve its therapeutic effect?
Gene therapy does so by replacing a defective mutant allele with a functional one or gene targeting which involves gene amplification. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)
What common biological entities are frequently utilized as vectors to transfer healthy genes in gene therapy?
Viruses that attack their hosts and introduce their genetic material into the host cell as part of their replication cycle are used as vectors to transfer healthy genes or more recently portions of genes. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)
The manipulation of microbes, plants, and animals through biotechnology has primarily raised concerns in which area?
The current interest in the manipulation of microbes, plants, and animals has raised serious ethical questions. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)
Which of the following is NOT listed as a human disease for which transgenic models exist to aid in understanding and treatment development?
Transgenic models exist for many human diseases such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer’s. Diabetes mellitus is mentioned in the context of insulin production but not explicitly as a disease with existent transgenic models for understanding its development. (NCERT, Biotechnology and its Applications)
The ability of retroviruses to transform normal cells into cancerous cells has been adapted in biotechnology for what purpose?
A better understanding of the art of delivering genes by pathogens in their eukaryotic hosts has generated knowledge to transform these tools of pathogens into useful vectors for delivering genes of interest to humans. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)
In the context of recombinant DNA technology and gene delivery, what is a 'disarmed pathogen'?
The text mentions 'disarmed pathogen' vectors, which when allowed to infect the cell, transfer the recombinant DNA into the host. This implies that their disease-causing ability has been removed or 'disarmed' while retaining their gene delivery mechanism. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)
Which biotechnological technique is explicitly mentioned for directly injecting recombinant DNA into the nucleus of an animal cell?
In a method known as micro-injection, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell. (NCERT, Biotechnology - Principles and Processes)
Which of the following organisms exhibit RNA interference (RNAi) as a method of cellular defense?
The NCERT text states, 'RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense.'
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