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Cell Structure MCQs for NEET — Zoology Questions with Answers

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NEET 2023

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Statement I: In prokaryotes, the positively charged DNA is held with some negatively charged proteins in a region called nucleoid. Statement II: In eukaryotes, the negatively charged DNA is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer to form nucleosome.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true. B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false. C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false. D. Statement I incorrect but Statement II is true.

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Explanation

Both statements are correct per NCERT — note that the textbook describes the unusual prokaryotic DNA charge as stated.

NEET 2023

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Which of the following are NOT considered as the part of endomembrane system?

A. Mitochondria B. Endoplasmic Reticulum C. Chloroplasts D. Golgi complex E. Peroxisomes

A. B and D only B. A, C and E only C. A and D only D. A, D and E only

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Explanation

Endomembrane = ER, Golgi, lysosomes, vacuoles. Mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes are NOT part of it.

NEET 2023

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Select the correct statements.

A. Tetrad formation is seen during Leptotene. B. During Anaphase, the centromeres split and chromatids separate. C. Terminalization takes place during Pachytene. D. Nucleolus, Golgi complex and ER are reformed during Telophase. E. Crossing over takes place between sister chromatids of homologous chromosome.

A. A and C only B. B and D only C. A, C and E only D. B and E only

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Explanation

Tetrad forms in Pachytene (not Leptotene); terminalization in Diakinesis; CO between NON-sister chromatids. B (Anaphase II) and D correct.

NEET 2023

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Statement I: During G₀ phase of cell cycle, the cell is metabolically inactive. Statement II: The centrosome undergoes duplication during S phase of interphase.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect. C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect. D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

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Explanation

G₀ cells are metabolically ACTIVE but not dividing. Centrosome doubles in S phase.

NEET 2024

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Following are the stages of cell division:

A. Gap 2 phase B. Cytokinesis C. Synthesis phase D. Karyokinesis E. Gap 1 phase

Choose the correct sequence of stages from the options given below:

A. E-C-A-D-B B. C-E-D-A-B C. E-B-D-A-C D. B-D-E-A-C

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Explanation

Cell cycle: G1 (E) → S (C) → G2 (A) → karyokinesis (D) → cytokinesis (B).

NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II:

List I	List II
A. Axoneme	I. Centriole
B. Cartwheel pattern	II. Cilia and flagella
C. Crista	III. Chromosome
D. Satellite	IV. Mitochondria

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III B. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I C. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I D. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

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Explanation

Axoneme — cilia/flagella; Cartwheel — centriole; Crista — mitochondrion; Satellite — chromosome.

NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II:

List I (Sub Phases of Prophase I)	List II (Specific characters)
A. Diakinesis	I. Synaptonemal complex formation
B. Pachytene	II. Completion of terminalisation of chiasmata
C. Zygotene	III. Chromosomes look like thin threads
D. Leptotene	IV. Appearance of recombination nodules

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I B. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I C. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III D. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

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Explanation

Leptotene — thin threads; Zygotene — synapsis (SC); Pachytene — recombination nodules; Diakinesis — terminalisation of chiasmata.

NEET 2024

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Match List I with List II:

List I	List II
A. Down's syndrome	I. $11^{\text{th}}$ chromosome
B. $\alpha$-Thalassemia	II. 'X' chromosome
C. $\beta$-Thalassemia	III. $21^{\text{st}}$ chromosome
D. Klinefelter's syndrome	IV. $16^{\text{th}}$ chromosome

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV C. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I D. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

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Explanation

Down — trisomy 21; $\alpha$-thal — chr 16; $\beta$-thal — chr 11; Klinefelter — extra X (XXY).

NEET 2024

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Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Mitochondria and chloroplasts are both double membrane bound organelles.

Statement II: Inner membrane of mitochondria is relatively less permeable, as compared to chloroplast.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct. B. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. C. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect. D. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

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Explanation

Both statements are taken directly from NCERT (cell-organelles chapter).

NEET 2025

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From the statements given below choose the correct option: A. The eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S and prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S. B. Each ribosome has two sub-units. C. The two sub-units of 80S ribosome are 60S and 40S while that of 70S are 50S and 30S. D. The two sub-units of 80S ribosome are 60S and 20S and that of 70S are 50S and 20S. E. The two sub-units of 80S are 60S and 30S and that of 70S are 50S and 30S. Choose the correct answer:

A. A, B, C are true B. A, B, D are true C. A, B, E are true D. B, D, E are true

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Explanation

Eukaryotic = 80S (60S + 40S); prokaryotic = 70S (50S + 30S); every ribosome has two subunits. So A, B and C are true.

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