Practice free Zoology NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Which of the following enhances or induces fusion of protoplasts?
(b) Polyethylene glycol(PEG) and sodium nitrate enhances fusion of protoplasts.
In vitro clonal propogation in plants characterised by
(a) RAPD stand for Random amplified polymorphic DNA. It is a type of PCR reaction, but the segments of DNA that are amplified are random. Often, PCR is used to amplify a known DNA sequence.
To obtain virus-free healthy plants from a diseased one by tissue culture technique, which part/parts of the diseased plant will be taken?
(c) Both apical and axillary meristems are free of virus for the healthy plant cultivation because of strong interferon activity in this region. These tissues form a protective impermeable covering around themselves, which is non-penetrable by any pathogen Hence, these tissue are used in the production of diseased free plants by tissue culture.
Which part would be most suitable for raising virus-free plants for micropropagation?
Generally, it is believed that actively growing regions of plants (i.e., shoot apex and root apex) do not have viruses. Due to this big advantage, these regions are used in the production of virus free plants through meristem culture technique. In meristem culture explants are taken from shoot apex or shoot apical meristem. These explants are cultured on a medium containing more cytokinin than auxin hormone. Thus, meristem culture involves the development of an already existing shoot apical meristem and subsequently, the regeneration of adventitious root from the developed shoots.
Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin-A deficiency ?
(c) Golden rice is a variety of Oryza sativa(rice) produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize Beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin-A in the edible part of rice (i.e., endosperm). The research that led to golden rice was conducted with the goal of helping children who suffer from vitamin-A deficiency. Because many children in countries where there is a dietary deficiency in vitamin-A rely on rice as a staple food, the genetic modification of rice to produce the vitamin-A precursor beta-carotene is seen as a simple and less expensive alternative to vitamin supplements.
'Jaya', and 'Ratna', developed for green revolution in India are the varieties of
'Jaya' and 'Ratna' are better-yielding semi-dwarf varieties of rice developed in India.
'Himgiri' developed by hybridisation and selection for disease resistance against rust pathogens is a variety of
(c) 'Himgiri' is a wheat variety resistant to leaf and stripe rust, hill bunt, etc.
When two unrelated individuals or lines are crossed, the performance of F1 hybrid is often superior to both its parents. This phenomenon is called
(d) The superiority of hybrids over either of the parents (dominant or recessive is called hybrid vigour (G. Shull). Heterosis is equivalent of hybrids vigour.
Breeding of crops with high levels of minerals, vitamins and proteins is called
(b) Biofortification is a method of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value. This can be
done either through conventional selective breeding or through genetic engineering. Biofortification differs from, ordinary fortification because it focuses on making plant foods more nutritious as the plants are growing rather than nutrients added to the food when they are being processed. This is an
improvement on ordinary fortification, when it comes to provide nutrients for the rural poor, who rarely have access to commercially fortified foods.
Somaclones are obtained by
(a) Somaclones are obtained by tissue culture. The plant regenerated from cell and tissue cultures shows heritable variation for both qualitative and quantitative traits.
Plant breeding is the branch of Biology, which is concerned with developing varieties superior to existing ones.
Irradiation means exposure to any form of radiation
Genetic engineering is defined as the manipulation of genes by man.
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