Practice free Zoology NEET multiple-choice questions online with instant answers and detailed explanations. No login required.
Regarding the endoskeleton of Osteichthyes, which of the following is true?
The term 'Osteichthyes' literally translates to 'bony fish,' indicating an endoskeleton made of bone. The NCERT text implicitly supports this by contrasting them with Chondrichthyes, which have a cartilaginous endoskeleton.
Vertebrates, including Osteichthyes, possess which of the following internal structures for excretion and osmoregulation?
The NCERT text states, 'Besides the basic chordate characters, vertebrates have a ventral muscular heart with two, three or four chambers, kidneys for excretion and osmoregulation and paired appendages which may be fins or limbs.' This directly indicates kidneys for excretion and osmoregulation in vertebrates.
All members of the superclass Pisces are characterized by which of the following?
The NCERT text states, 'Gnathostomata has two super classes, Pisces and Tetrapoda. Classes Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes bear fins for locomotion and are grouped under Pisces.' This confirms that fins for locomotion are a common characteristic of all members grouped under Pisces, which includes both Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes.
Which of the following is a fundamental characteristic shared by both Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes?
The NCERT states, 'Classes Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes bear fins for locomotion and are grouped under Pisces.' This highlights the common characteristic of fins for locomotion between these two classes.
In vertebrates, the notochord present during the embryonic period is replaced by what structure in the adult?
The NCERT text specifies, 'The members of subphylum Vertebrata possess notochord during the embryonic period. The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult.'
Chordates, including Osteichthyes, typically possess which type of embryonic development structure that gives rise to the central nervous system?
The characteristic features of chordates include a 'dorsal, hollow nerve cord.' This is a defining feature of the phylum Chordata, to which Osteichthyes belong.
Osteichthyes, as vertebrates, typically exhibit a circulatory system that is:
The NCERT text states that chordates possess a 'closed circulatory system' and vertebrates specifically 'have a ventral muscular heart with two, three or four chambers.' This indicates a closed circulatory system with a heart.
The presence of jaws is a characteristic that broadly divides Gnathostomata from which other group of vertebrates mentioned in the context?
The NCERT states, 'Some of the vertebrates do not possess jaws (Agnatha) whereas most of them possess jaws (Gnathostomata). Agnatha is represented by the class, Cyclostomata.' This clearly indicates that Cyclostomata are jawless vertebrates, contrasting with Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates).
Organ-system level of organization is characteristic of which of the following groups, including Osteichthyes?
The NCERT mentions that Chordata (to which Osteichthyes belong) are 'coelomate with organ-system level of organisation.' Earlier in the text, it notes that 'organ level is exhibited by members of Platyhelminthes and other higher phyla,' confirming higher phyla including chordates have this level.
All vertebrates are chordates, but not all chordates are vertebrates. This is primarily because:
The NCERT states, 'The notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in the adult. Thus all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.' This replacement of the notochord with a vertebral column is the key distinguishing factor making vertebrates a subset of chordates.
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