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Zoology MCQs for NEET — Practice Questions with Answers

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Which of the following features found in Osteichthyes is also a fundamental characteristic of all Chordata?

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Explanation

Figure 4.16 and the accompanying text list 'paired pharyngeal gill slits' as a characteristic of Chordata. While Osteichthyes have bony endoskeletons, fins, and two-chambered hearts, these are specific to certain vertebrate classes or subclasses, not universal to all Chordata.

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The body symmetry observed in Osteichthyes is typically:

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Explanation

The NCERT states that Chordata (including Osteichthyes) are 'bilaterally symmetrical'. This is a fundamental feature of the phylum.

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Which of the following terms correctly describes the germ layer organization of Osteichthyes?

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Explanation

The NCERT describes Chordata (which includes Osteichthyes) as 'triploblastic'. This means they develop from three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

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Referring to the circulatory system of vertebrates, including Osteichthyes, which statement is accurate?

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Explanation

The NCERT states that vertebrates 'have a ventral muscular heart.' This distinguishes them from non-chordates where the heart, if present, is dorsal.

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Which of the following hormones is a peptide hormone secreted by the atrial wall of the heart and plays a role in reducing blood pressure?

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Explanation

As per the NCERT text, 'the atrial wall of our heart secretes a very important peptide hormone called atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), which decreases blood pressure.'

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An individual experiences an increase in blood pressure. Which of the following responses would most likely occur to counteract this increase?

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Explanation

The NCERT states, 'When blood pressure is increased, ANF is secreted which causes dilation of the blood vessels. This reduces the blood pressure.' ANF directly lowers blood pressure.

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The juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney are responsible for producing a peptide hormone that stimulates the formation of red blood cells. What is this hormone?

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Explanation

According to the NCERT, 'The juxtaglomerular cells of kidney produce a peptide hormone called erythropoietin which stimulates erythropoiesis (formation of RBC).'

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Which of the following gastrointestinal hormones primarily acts on gastric glands to stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen?

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Explanation

The NCERT excerpt states, 'Gastrin acts on the gastric glands and stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen.'

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A patient is struggling with a condition where their body is not producing enough red blood cells. Which hormone, if deficient, could be contributing to this issue?

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Explanation

Erythropoietin stimulates erythropoiesis (formation of RBC) as mentioned in the NCERT text. A deficiency would lead to reduced RBC formation.

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Which hormone stimulates the secretion of water and bicarbonate ions from the exocrine pancreas?

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Explanation

The NCERT states, 'Secretin acts on the exocrine pancreas and stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate ions.'

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