Human Health and Diseases MCQs for NEET — Zoology Questions with Answers

The NCERT text defines health as 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.' While economic prosperity can be a result of health ('When people are healthy, they are more efficient at work. This increases productivity and brings economic prosperity.'), it is not part of the definition of health itself.

The NCERT text states, 'The discovery of blood circulation by William Harvey using experimental method and the demonstration of normal body temperature in persons with blackbile using thermometer disproved the 'good humor' hypothesis of health.' This contrasts with early Greek and Indian Ayurveda systems that asserted a balance of certain humors determined health.

The NCERT text lists 'Awareness about diseases and their effect on different bodily functions, vaccination (immunisation) against infectious diseases, proper disposal of wastes, control of vectors and maintenance of hygiene in food and water resources are necessary for achieving good health.'

According to the NCERT, 'According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), reproductive health means a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e., physical, emotional, behavioural and social.'

The NCERT states, 'When the functioning of one or more organs or systems of the body is adversely affected, characterised by appearance of various signs and symptoms, we say that we are not healthy, i.e., we have a disease.' It also clarifies that health is not just the 'absence of disease' and that cancer is a 'non-infectious disease'.

The text states, 'Among non-infectious diseases, cancer is the major cause of death.' AIDS is mentioned as a fatal infectious disease.

The NCERT defines pathogens as 'Such disease-causing organisms... Most parasites are therefore pathogens as they cause harm to the host by living in (or on) them.'

The NCERT lists three key factors affecting health: '(i) genetic disorders – deficiencies with which a child is born... (ii) infections and (iii) life style including food and water we take, rest and exercise we give to our bodies, habits that we have or lack etc.' Climate change is not mentioned as one of these primary factors in the provided excerpts.

The NCERT states, 'This overall ability of the host to fight the disease-causing organisms, conferred by the immune system is called immunity.'

The NCERT mentions, 'India was amongst the first countries in the world to initiate action plans and programmes at a national level to attain total reproductive health as a social goal. These programmes called 'family planning' were initiated in 1951...'