Human Health and Diseases MCQs for NEET — Zoology Questions with Answers

The NCERT text explicitly states, 'Balanced diet, personal hygiene and regular exercise are very important to maintain good health. Yoga has been practised since time immemorial to achieve physical and mental health.'

The text states, 'The discovery of blood circulation by William Harvey... disproved the 'good humor' hypothesis of health. In later years, biology stated that mind influences, through neural system and endocrine system, our immune system and that our immune system maintains our health.'

The NCERT suggests specific measures: 'This can be achieved by avoiding stagnation of water in and around residential areas, regular cleaning of household coolers, use of mosquito nets, introducing fishes like Gambusia in ponds that feed on mosquito larvae, spraying of insecticides in ditches, drainage areas and swamps, etc.'

The summary states, 'An overall improvement in reproductive health has taken place in our country as indicated by reduced maternal and infant mortality rates, early detection and cure of STIs, assistance to infertile couples, etc.'

The introductory text mentions, 'The discovery of antibiotics, and synthetic plant-derived drugs, anaesthetics have changed medical practice on one hand and human health on the other hand. Life expectancy of human beings have dramatically changed over the years.'

The NCERT text states: 'The use of vaccines and immunisation programmes have enabled us to completely eradicate a deadly disease like smallpox.' This highlights smallpox as the disease successfully eradicated by vaccination efforts.

According to the NCERT text, 'The principle of immunisation or vaccination is based on the property of ‘memory’ of the immune system.' This memory allows for a quicker and more intense response upon subsequent exposure to the same pathogen.

The NCERT text specifies: 'In vaccination, a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogen or inactivated/weakened pathogen (vaccine) are introduced into the body.' This exposure stimulates the body's own immune response.

The NCERT states: 'The antibodies produced in the body against these antigens would neutralise the pathogenic agents during actual infection.' Vaccines train the immune system to produce these protective antibodies.

The NCERT explains, 'The vaccines also generate memory – B and T-cells that recognise the pathogen quickly on subsequent exposure and overwhelm the invaders with a massive production of antibodies.' These memory cells are key for long-term immunity.